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30. 9. 2005
Vojáci stále na odstřel?Výsledky jednání prezidenta Euromilu Bauke Snoepa v PrazeVe dnech 5.-8. září 2005 navštívil Českou republiku prezident Euromilu, sdružení vojenských profesních organizací států NATO, Bauke Snoep. Uskutečněná jednání byla velmi prospěšná pro činnost Svazu vojáků z povolání Armády České republiky (dále jen SVP), také pro poslance a senátory PČR a resort obrany. |
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Byly prodiskutovány možnosti jak uplatnit požadavky SVP v rámci projednávání novely zákona "O vojácích z povolání". Zvláště cenná byla výměna zkušeností z práce SVP a Euromilu. Mimo jiné by SVP mohl v dalším období lépe zohlednit své místo a úlohu v nové profesionální struktuře armády. Mohlo by se tak stát početnějším zapojením nových profesionálů do činnosti SVP. Pak byl mohl být i nadále skutečnou vojenskou autoritou jak pro ministerstvo obrany, tak i pro profesionální vojáky. Bylo zajímavé jak po vzoru vyspělých armád NATO kladl prezident Euromilu důraz "dospělost" SVP. Toto by se mělo projevit při samostatném naplňování usnesení celostátní konference a na důrazném zastupování vojáků při ochraně jejich práv a svobod. Cenná jednání se vedla také v obou komorách PČR a se zástupci ministerstva obrany. V rozhovorech byly odhaleny rezervy v přístupu ústavních činitelů vůči vojákům. Ukázalo se, že v naší republice není vždy respektována Evropská úmluva o ochraně lidských práv a základních svobod, vztahující se i na vojáky. Je tomu tak přes to, že se k jejich plnění naše republika zavázala již v roce 1993. Byl potvrzen vážný problém nerovného přístupu k vojákům a dokonce jejich bezdůvodná účelová diskriminace v sociálním zabezpečení. Diskutovány byly také možnosti, jak předejít řešení tohoto problému u Evropského soudu pro lidská práva ve Štrasburku. Další plánovaná jednání by snad mohla napomoci tento problém vyřešit v rámci naší republiky. Euromil všechny kroky vedoucí k odstranění této diskriminace podporuje a ke zefektivnění práce SVP podporuje. Podrobnosti v angličtině zde. ( viz. příloha ) Závěrem lze říci, že prezident Euromilu má opravdový zájem na bezchybné funkčnosti ozbrojených sil všech států NATO. Na jednání do České republiky přijel velmi dobře připraven. Jeho jednání byla věcná a korektní. Bylo zřejmé, že má velké znalosti o práci vojenských profesních organizací v rámci NATO. Oprávněně je proto přijímán generálním tajemníkem NATO, generálním tajemníkem Rady Evropy a předsedy výborů různých evropských struktur. Také ústavní činitelé České republiky a funkcionáři resortu obrany by mohli následovat tohoto příkladu a lépe docenit rady a doporučení prezidenta Euromilu. REPORTCurtailment of pension rights of Czech soldiersIn the early 1990's many of the former countries of the Warsaw pact performed so-called purification processes to clean their various governmental bodies of those that had indeed committed crimes to the civil population or at least had seriously violated human rights or civil liberties. Also military personnel was subjected to this purification and in almost all of the countries acquitted. But not rightful in the present Czech Republic and EUROMIL was called to help the Czech colleagues, united in the association SVPz-A-CR. BackgroundIn the period 1990-1993 military personnel of the former CSSR were subjected to several attestation procedures. The new Czechoslovak Republic examined their backgrounds in front of committees existing of civilian and military authorities. After the breakdown of the Czechoslovak Republic, the new Czech Government repeated that procedure. For a vast majority of military personnel it was established that they had acted in accordance with existing Laws and that they were fit to continue their services in the new Armed Forces. Also vetting procedures declared: "fit to serve, no participation in violation of human rights or civil liberties". The Czech Parliament adopted Law 198 in 1993, declaring that the previous communist regime was illegal and authorizing the Czech Government to take appropriate measures to remove injustice. This particular Law must be seen as a political declaration. In accord with this Law the proposers insist on fact, that the military personnel didn't break human rights. LegislationLaw 34/1995 transferred a collective guilt to those that served in the previous intelligence forces, political positions (functions) in military units, etc. The aim of that Law was to get rid of the leaders in the former system. At this point it is to be understood that within the previous Armed Forces most of military personnel within the intelligence forces, political positions in units, etc., were stationed there by order of the Minister of Defense and thus performing their duties in accordance with national regulations. Moreover, the vast majority of these military personnel were professional soldiers who held additional command positions. They were low ranking officers that had administrative, logistic, etc. functions and no top leading position at all. They were always subordinated to their commanders and chiefs. Notwithstanding this, and on initiative of the Minister of Defense, at the same time his order 35 of 1995 gave an exact description of all functions within the areas as described in Law 34/1995 and curtailed all of these men and women of their pension rights deriving from the previous system. This disproportional und fully unsubstantiated measure effected more than 2.000 military personnel, at that time either still serving in the Czech Armed Forces or just been honorably retired. The fact that this personnel was seen fit to continue their services in the Czech Armed Forces but were nonetheless curtailed in their pension rights becomes more awkward whereas earlier in the 1990's so-called surrender funds were offered to motivate the "bad" people to leave the Armed Forces. Some made use of that offer and some didn't. Minister of Defence's order 35/1995 however, created a situation wherein those that had left in time had profited from the surrender funds but those that had staid in good trust in law because of their attestation and vetting results were punished by the curtailment of their pension rights Finally, Law 221/1999 abrogates Law 34/1995 (not Minister of Defence's order 35/1995!) and re-installs the pension rights for those that in spite of all the above had not left the Armed Forces. It however, did not repair the pension rights of those that had left in the meantime! ConclusionThe situation where more than 2.000 military personnel have been curtailed of their pension rights may be legally correct but it is certainly inhumane and unjustifiable. As unfortunately enough the Czech Parliament and the Czech Ministry of Defense appear not to have the political will to remedy this not intended curtailment, the Czech soldiers have no other option than to appeal their case before the national Constitutional Court that until now has ruled that the Law has been applied correctly. Application of the Law as such is one thing. Equal treatment however, is something else and so far 10 cases (others are prepared) of the Czech soldiers have been filed with the Human Rights court in Strasbourg. EUROMIL supports their righteous fight. Uden, 15 September 2005 Bauke Snoep |
